Liu, Changping
Li, Junqi
Huang, Fei
Ren, Jingjuan
Zhang, Mengdi
Gao, Yanfang
Zhu, He
Wang, Qiqi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0430-6519
Wang, Ni
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2022YFC3603003)
Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2022YFC3603001)
Gates Foundation (INV-065189)
Prevention and Controlof Emerging and Major Infectious Diseases-National Scienceand Technology Major Project (2025ZD01907702)
Article History
Received: 31 January 2026
Accepted: 23 July 2026
First Online: 7 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (approval No. 202224). It was a secondary analysis of routinely collected surveillance data from the Tuberculosis Information Management System (TBIMS) in China. As only aggregated, non-identifiable data were used, individual informed consent was not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.