Ruzicka, Daniel J.
Kuroishi, Naho
Oshima, Nobuyuki
Sakuma, Ryuta
Naito, Toshio
Funding for this research was provided by:
MSD K.K. (NA)
Article History
Received: 13 March 2019
Accepted: 23 May 2019
First Online: 10 June 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: Approval from an ethical committee was not required for an observational study using de-identified secondary data according to the Japanese Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects (). Obtaining consent does not apply to studies using such anonymized data in the Ethical Guidelines. As the data were obtained from Medical Data Vision, Co., Ltd. (MDV), a commercial database provider, no administrative permission was required to access the data.
: Not applicable due to the reason addressed in the ethics approval and consent to participate.
: DJR, NK, and NO are employees and RS was an employee of MSD K.K., Tokyo, Japan. TN has received no funding for this study but received lecture fees from MSD K.K., Tokyo, Japan.