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Article History

Received: 27 April 2023

Accepted: 8 December 2023

First Online: 2 January 2024

Declarations

:

: The present study used de-identified data of entry screening that was openly shared by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Because our study used publicly available data without identity information, the present study did not require completing an ethical assessment prior to conducting this research. As such, no permissions were required prior to conducting this research.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.