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Authors
Lai, Chia-Hung
Chen, Chun-Hung
Chiu, Yen-Wei
Huang, Fen-Wei
Wu, Shih-Yun
Shih, Hong-Mo
Hsueh, PO-Ren
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council (112-2813-C-039-094-B)
China Medical University Hospital (CMU112-SR-85)
China Medical University, Taiwan (C1110831002)
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Article History
Received: 4 May 2024
Accepted: 23 December 2024
First Online: 24 March 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee, China Medical University & Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (CMUH REC No.: CMUH111-REC1-173). The need for informed consent from study participants was waived by the Research Ethics Committee, China Medical University & Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified data, ensuring participant anonymity and confidentiality. All procedures were executed in accordance with ethical standards outlined in the Helsinki Declaration of 1975.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
