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Authors
Alhalabi, Marouf https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5027-2096
Alshiekh, Hussam Aldeen https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8078-2830
Alsaiad, Shadi https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0658-6751
Zarzar, Mouayad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4887-2321
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Article History
Received: 7 February 2025
Accepted: 30 April 2025
First Online: 4 May 2025
Declarations
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: The Declaration of Helsinki’s guiding principles were followed in the conduct of this investigation. The Institutional Review Board and Research Ethics Committee at Damascus Hospital provided ethical approval for this retrospective cross-sectional study (approval number: EAN:4−2024). The Institutional Review Board and Research Ethics Committee at Damascus Hospital waived participants’ written informed permission because of the study’s retrospective design and use of fully anonymised data from pre-existing medical records. This conclusion is consistent with institutional regulations that allow for such usage of anonymised data without obtaining individual agreement. Every data handling procedure complied fully with applicable data protection regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
