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Authors
Liu, Zhengting
Chen, Xianchun
Zhang, Liqin
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Article History
Received: 21 July 2024
Accepted: 7 May 2025
First Online: 17 May 2025
Declarations
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: The Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved the database usage. All personal information is anonymized. Given the study's retrospective design and use of de-identified data, the BIDMC IRB waived the requirement for informed consent. The study followed the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and all human data—related procedures were conducted within this framework. Also, we completed the CITI Program courses on human research and data/specimen—only studies to apply for database access (Record ID: 48255890).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
