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Article History

Received: 24 December 2024

Accepted: 2 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: This study is part of Asma Bouali doctoral research titled “Acinetobacter baumannii: Etude phénotypique, génotypique et mécanismes de résistance aux antibiotiques” which has been approved by the Scientific Council of the Faculty of Science (PVN°08/2012, 18/12/2012), University of Batna, Algeria. This work was performed on bacterial isolates which were routinely collected for diagnostic purposes with anonymous patients’ data, and no additional samples were taken from patients in accordance with the institutional ethical committee requirements. To safeguard patients’ privacy and confidentiality, their medical records were anonymized and de-identified. The research team maintained no direct contact or follow-up with the patients. Consent to participate was deemed unnecessary by the Ethics Committee of Batna University Hospital Center, Algeria. The procedures used in this study are in compliance with Algerian legislation and have received approval from the ethical committee of Batna 2 University.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.