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Authors
Wang, Sheng-Huei
Lin, Yu-Chao
Chan, Ming-Cheng
Yang, Kuang-Yao
Sheu, Chau-Chyun
Wu, Biing-Ru
Huang, Wei-Hsuan
Feng, Jia-Yih
Chen, Chia-Min
Weng, Zi-Xeng
Peng, Chung-Kan
Tang, Shih-En
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Article History
Received: 17 April 2025
Accepted: 4 June 2025
First Online: 1 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) of five hospitals and followed the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The IRB registration numbers were A202005146 (Institutional Review Board of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center), CMUH110-REC1-139 (China Medical University & Hospital Research Ethics Center), CE18100A (the Institutional Review Board of Taichung Veterans General Hospital), 2020–11-006AC (Institutional Review Board of the Taipei Veterans General Hospital), and KMUHIRB-E(I)-20180141 (Institutional Review Board of Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital). The need for informed consent to participate was waived by the IRB of each hospital.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
