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Authors
Shi, Dandan
Zhou, Zijie
Hu, Liqing
Yan, Danying
Wang, Chuwen
Ye, Jinming
Qian, Guoqing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Key Project of Zhejiang Provincial Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan (No.WKJ-ZJ-2552)
Zhejiang Province Basic Public Welfare Research Project Natural Science Foundation Exploration Program (No.LY23H190003)
the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Project of Ningbo (No.2023QL055)
the Zhejiang Provincial Foundation for the Cultivation of High-level Health talents (No.2021- 40)
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Article History
Received: 6 April 2025
Accepted: 12 August 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University (No.2025-141RS) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Given the retrospective design relying solely on de-identified electronic medical records, the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University approved the exemption from participant consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
