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Authors
Zhao, Youhui
Zhu, Hong
Ding, Jun
Qian, Leiyuan
Yao, Zhiling
Lu, Qiuyi
Yang, Kun
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Article History
Received: 11 April 2025
Accepted: 28 August 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: The requirement of ethical approval for this study was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Southern Central Hospital of Yunnan Province, because the data was accessed from MIMIC-IV database (a publicly available database). The need for written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board of Southern Central Hospital of Yunnan Province due to retrospective nature of the study. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations stated in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
