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Authors
Waheed, Yasir
Awan, Sohail Naser
Almajhdi, Fahad Nasser
Ahmad, Bashir
Sami, Abdul
Ozsahin, Dilber Uzun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
King Saud University (Vice Deanship of Scientific Research Chairs; COVID-19 Virus Research Chair.)
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Article History
Received: 7 April 2025
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 29 September 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Ethical Review Committee of International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan (No. IIUI/ORIC/Bioethics/110–1441). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
