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Authors
Zhou, Jie
Su, Lin jie
Chen, Juan
Hu, Hong bo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Science and Technology Special Funds of Guangdong Province, China (No. 210128166270630, No. 210128166270630, No. 210128166270630, No. 210128166270630)
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Article History
Received: 28 March 2025
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 14 October 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was conducted using anonymized data. The study protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yuebei People’s Hospital (Approval No. KY-2023-135). Yuebei People’s Hospital is an affiliated hospital of Shantou University. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yuebei People’s Hospital due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
