Document is current

Article History

Received: 10 June 2025

Accepted: 10 September 2025

First Online: 2 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA; approval number: 2022-03-01-PE-A) and the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS; approval number: NHIS-2022-1-430). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the IRB of the KDCA, as the data analyses were conducted retrospectively using anonymized health records derived from the South Korean NHIS database. Data were extracted by an independent medical record technician at the NHIS center who was unaffiliated with this study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.