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Authors
Nguyen, Julia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8320-1451
Hechter, Rulin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-6506
Ling-Grant, Deborah
Yao, Janis
Portugal, Cecilia
Bai, Albert
Calderon, Raul
Towner, William https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5645-2979
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gilead Sciences (CO-US-540-6539, CO-US-540-6539, CO-US-540-6539)
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Article History
Received: 22 August 2024
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 23 October 2025
Declarations
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: The author(s) have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Preliminary results were presented in part as a poster at IDWeek 2024, the joint annual meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the HIV Medicine Association (HIVMA), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP) in Los Angeles, California. All information pertaining to the role of the sponsor is disclosed on the title page.The Kaiser Permanente Southern California Institutional Review Board reviewed and approved all study activities with a waiver of written informed consent.
: All authors have made substantial contributions to all the following: (1) the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, (2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, and (3) final approval of the version to be submitted.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
