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Authors
He, Xiaona
Gao, Wei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Senior Talent Startup Fund of Nanchang University
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Article History
Received: 23 December 2024
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
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: The SHARE Project respects the Declaration of Helsinki in terms of anonymity of the participants; The internal review board at the University of Mannheim and the Ethics Council of the Max Planck Society and the respective local ethics committees or institutional review boards in each country participating in SHARE have approved this study. More information about the ethical approval is available at the following link: (). Ethics approval was handled by SHARE (Survey of Health, Aging, and retirement in Europe). See: A., Jürges, Hendrik. The Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe-Methodology. MEA, 2005. Informed consent to participate also was obtained by SHARE, all participants gave their informed consent to be included in the study.
: Consent was obtained by SHARE (Survey of Health, Aging, and retirement in Europe). See: Börsch-Supan, A., Jürges, Hendrik. The Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe-Methodology. MEA, 2005.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
