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Article History

Received: 10 July 2025

Accepted: 22 September 2025

First Online: 20 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The researchers secured approval and licenses to access and re-analyze the data by the Jazan Health Ethics Committee (No: 2437) in accordance with national research ethics guidelines and adhering to the ethical principles of the Helsinki Declaration (1964, 2008). All data used were secondary, aggregated, and anonymized, eliminating any potential for patient identification. Therefore, informed consent was not required. Privacy and confidentiality were strictly maintained throughout the study, and the data was used solely for scientific research purposes, with no personal identifiers collected or disclosed.

: Not applicable. This study did not include any individual person’s data in any form (including images, videos, or identifiable clinical details) that would require consent for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.