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Authors
Togan, Roméo Mèdéssè
Youa, Frédéric Iman
Atoun, Rogatien Comlan
Bigma, Malanna
Konu, Rodion Yao
Sadio, Arnold Junior
Tchankoni, Martin Kouame
Medeli, Alassane OURO
Adama, Oumarou I Wone
Pitche, Palokinam
Wandeler, Gilles
Ekouevi, Didier Koumavi
Dagnra, Claver Anoumou
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2024
Accepted: 25 September 2025
First Online: 28 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study received approval from the National Bioethics Committee for Health Research (CBRS) of the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene of Togo under N° 012/2023/CBRS of March 23, 2023 (supplementary file 2). The research was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was systematically obtained from each participant. Data collection was carried out anonymously, and the confidentiality of participants was respected.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
