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Authors
Iyala, Jean Blaise Yobo
Degbey, Comlan Cyriaque
Elumbu, Glodi
Tshinkenke, Betty Kalonji
Nadakou, N’kpingu
Kieng, Germain Kapour
TUNI, Bloc NOMRE
Makala, Jean Paul
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Article History
Received: 28 February 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol has been submitted and approved by the ethics committee of the School of Public Health, Kinshasa, through the letter ESP/CE/48/2025. All procedures performed were carried out by the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and the institutional ethics guidelines.All study participants gave their free and written informed consent using a form in accordance with the standards of the ethics committee for studies involving human subjects.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
