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Authors
Kozanli, Eva
Han, Wanda
Smit, Tara
de Bakker, Jordy
Elahi, Mansoer
Jaarsma, Ryanne
Carstens, Gesa
van Hoek, Albert Jan
Eggink, Dirk
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Article History
Received: 27 July 2024
Accepted: 3 October 2025
First Online: 5 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The samples were collected as part of Infectieradar . The protocol for Infectieradar was approved by the Medical Ethics Review Committee Utrecht (reference number: WAG/avd/20/008757; protocol 20–131) was obtained given the nature of data collection. All participants provided informed consent upon registration, which included agreement to the privacy statement and described the processing of personal data and research results, website security measures taken, and how to file a complaint. Participants were eligible to withdraw from the study at any time. Individuals had to be 16 years or over to be able to participate.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
