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Authors
Aiesh, Banan M.
Mousa, Nour
Jomaa, Ruba
Zouneh, Yousef
Abuhalima, Dania
Saifi, Motaz
Namrouti, Ashraqat
Abutaha, Adham
Sweileh, Moutaz W.
Al-Jabi, Samah W.
Sabateen, Ali
Zyoud, Sa’ed H.
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Article History
Received: 1 July 2025
Accepted: 8 October 2025
First Online: 28 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study protocol, which was based on a review of patients’ clinical records, received approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of An-Najah National University , with authorization granted to access hospital records from An-Najah National University Hospital. Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data, the IRB waived the need for informed consent. All study procedures adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and complied with applicable guidelines and regulations. Strict measures were taken to safeguard confidentiality, with data used exclusively for research purposes and patient identifiers replaced by numerical codes to preserve privacy.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
