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Article History

Received: 18 November 2024

Accepted: 17 October 2025

First Online: 17 November 2025

Declaration

:

: Informed consent: The Ethics Committee of the Fourth People’s Hospital in Qinghai Province (2024 Ethics Review [71]) abandoned the informed consent requirement for this study because the study was a retrospective study and therefore anonymous data were used during the study. Privacy Protection: We strictly abide by relevant privacy protection laws and guidelines and take necessary measures to ensure the confidentiality and security of participants’personal information and data. Ethical Review and Approval: The study on human participants, human materials or human data in this study was conducted according to the Helsinki announcement and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fourth People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province.

: Since the manuscript does not contain information or images that may lead to the identity of the research participant, it is not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.