Huang, Yuanyuan
Feng, Tianpu
Song, Xiaoxue
Luo, Kangle
Chen, Haoran
Xie, Yongpeng
Xu, Yi
Chen, Xuefeng
Article History
Received: 17 April 2025
Accepted: 21 October 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
:
: This study was performed in compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and all its subsequent revisions. Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Ethics Committee of Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University (Approval Number: KY-20241030004). Given that this is a retrospective study and all data used were fully anonymized to protect participant privacy, written informed consent was not required for study participation. This waiver of informed consent was formally approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Lianyungang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, in accordance with the board’s established ethical review guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.