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The bacterial and parasitic contamination of raw vegetables and fruits collected from local farms and markets in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of patterns and associated factors

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-12045-4

Published Online: 2025-12-09

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Girma, Abayeneh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-315X
Menelih, Asmamaw https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9106-0938
Getachew, Natnael https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0542-3138
Aliyo, Alqeer https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7301-5332
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-12-09

Version of Record valid from 2025-12-09
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Article History

Received: 31 August 2025

Accepted: 28 October 2025

First Online: 9 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was not required as this study used only secondary data from previously published articles.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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