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Authors
Ding, Xu
Cai, Li
Zhang, Jiayi
Song, Yang
Chang, Zhaorui
Zheng, Yaming
Wang, Liping
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFC2311500)
National Science and Technology Major Project (2018ZX10713001)
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Article History
Received: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 4 November 2025
First Online: 12 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. The use of the de-identified data for this research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine) (2015-025). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention due to the retrospective and anonymized nature of the data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
