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Authors
Elenga Ike, Arcy Marcelin
Mfoutou Mapanguy, Claujens Chastel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-4765
Vouvoungui, Jeannhey Christevy
Mouzinga, Freisnel Hermeland
Miguel, Landry Martial
Oyaba Molenga, Esther Paule
Fila, Diane Alexia Hélène
Mouanga, Alain Maxime
Grobusch, Martin Peter
Moukassa, Donatien
Ntoumi, Francine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-050X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Union (CANTAM (EDCTP-CSA2020NoE-3100))
HORIZON-JU-GH-EDCTP3 (Project: 101145698 -CATCR)
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Article History
Received: 15 September 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
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: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the institutional ethics committee of FCRM (n°034/CIE/FCRM/2021). Written informed consent was obtained from each adult patient or from parents or legal guardians of all under 18 years old in addition to providing an assent.
: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, specifically ChatGPT and Perplexity developed by OpenAI, were used to search specific cited articles, summarize literature and check grammar. All content was subsequently reviewed and edited by the authors to ensure accuracy and originality. The authors take full responsibility for the final version of the manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
