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Authors
Moharrum, Salma A.
Bilal, Naser Eldin
Mhmoud, Najwa A.
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Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 29 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum (Approval No. UK-FMLS2018/0624). All research procedures were conducted in full compliance with the ethical standards of the committee and in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians for minors.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
