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Authors
Chen, Muxing
Zhang, Fan
Liu, Yiping
Lin, Youfei
Wu, Di
Chen, Xiaohong
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 5 December 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee of Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian (approval number: 2018-006[Research]-01). The Institutional Review Board/Ethics Committee of Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital of Fujian waived the requirement for individual informed consent due to the retrospective nature of the study and because all patients had previously provided written consent at admission for their clinical data to be used in future research. All patient data were anonymized and deidentified prior to analysis to ensure confidentiality.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
