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Authors
Li, Sijie
Xue, Yunlian
Meng, Xiang
Liu, Guihao
Yuan, Shasha
Chen, Liang
Wang, Xiaowan
Zhang, Dingmei
Zhou, Lin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (A2023008)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2025A1515012867)
Social Science Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China (GD24CGL39)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2024A1515011745)
Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project (2020B1111170014)
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Article History
Received: 23 July 2024
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (approval No. KY2025-222-01). With permission from the relevant administrative authorities, we obtained information from the inpatient medical record front-page database, and all personal identifiers were removed prior to analysis. Therefore, the Ethics Committee of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital waived the requirement to obtain informed consent from individual participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
