Document is current

Article History

Received: 21 October 2025

Accepted: 9 December 2025

First Online: 13 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at An-Najah National University (Ref: Med. September 2022/1) before the research began. The privacy and confidentiality of all participants were strictly maintained. All students were provided with a research overview and gave their informed consent to participate, understanding that their involvement was voluntary and they could withdraw at any time. The research followed all relevant ethical guidelines and regulations and comes in compliance with Helsinki declaration.

: Every participant was clearly informed about the purpose of the study before participating, and their consent was obtained with their signature on the form.

: An AI writing assistant was used to support the drafting and editing of this manuscript. The authors were responsible for all intellectual contributions, data analysis, and the final content and take full accountability for the paper.

: The authors declare no competing interests.