Ikpe, Raphael Terlumun
Edungbola, Luke Ekundayo
Nymangee, Amase
Article History
Received: 5 September 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Prior to the study, ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of the Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin ( UERC/ASN/2021/2293 ). Permission was obtained from the Nasarawa and Benue States Ministry of Health prior to field work in the IDP camps and host communities. Informed consent, voluntary participation, confidentiality and safety of all participants were strictly provided.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.