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Article History

Received: 18 December 2025

Accepted: 23 December 2025

First Online: 8 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol has received ethical approval by the two independent ethics committees: (i) the ethics committee of northwestern and central Switzerland (Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz; EKNZ) on August 13, 2024 (AO _2024-00084) and (ii) the Zanzibar Health Research Institute (ZAHRI) on September 24, 2024 (ZAHREC/01/PR//Sept/2024/33). Only children who submit a written ICF signed by their care giver and an additional written assent form with their own signature (if aged 12–16 years), will be included in the study. The study will be carried out in accordance with principles enunciated in the current version of the Declaration of Helsinki “2024”. The trial was prospectively registered at ISRCTN (ISCRCTN59331501).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.