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Authors
Zhang, Liyong
Chen, Jiaqi
Qu, Yihao
Fu, Yuwei
Chen, Kai
Cui, Jinhua
Li, Jian
Yu, Aijun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Science and Technology Program of Chengde (202204A037)
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Article History
Received: 17 November 2025
Accepted: 25 December 2025
First Online: 31 December 2025
Declarations
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: The studies involving humans were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University. The studies were conducted in accordance with the local legislation and institutional requirements. The ethics committee/institutional review board waived the requirement of written informed consent for participation from the participants or the participants’legal guardians/next of kin because The retrospective nature of this study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
