Gebreegziabher, Elisabeth A.
Ouattara, Mamadou
Bountogo, Mamadou
Coulibaly, Boubacar
Boudo, Valentin
Ouedraogo, Thierry
Lebas, Elodie
Hu, Huiyu
O’Brien, Kieran S.
Hsiang, Michelle S.
Glidden, David V.
Arnold, Benjamin F.
Lietman, Thomas M.
Sié, Ali
Oldenburg, Catherine E.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1187628)
National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (1F31HD114434-01A1)
Article History
Received: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 4 January 2026
First Online: 12 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The Randomized controlled trial from which the data was obtained was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Boards at the University of California, San Francisco and the Comité National d’Ethique pour la Recherche (National Ethics Committee of Burkina Faso) in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from the parent or legal guardian of each participant under the age of 16.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.