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Article History

Received: 23 July 2025

Accepted: 6 January 2026

First Online: 8 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval, including a waiver of the requirement for informed consent, was granted by the Institutional Research Ethics Review Board (IRB) of the University of Gondar (Ref: VP/RTT/05/1001/2022; Date: July 1, 2022) for the retrospective use of anonymised patient data. Official permission to access the data was obtained from the Pawe General Hospital Medical Director. All data were handled with strict confidentiality, and no personal identifiers were used in the analysis or reporting.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.