Zhuang, Ruoyu
Tian, Rui
Tan, Ruoming
Dong, Danfeng
Wu, Yunzhe
Wu, Tong
Qu, Hongping
Wang, Xiaoli
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82402510)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82502633)
Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (24ZR1447700)
Shanghai Natural Science Fund (24ZR1446200))
Shanghai Municipal Health Commission’s Seed Program for Medical New Technology Research and Translation (2024ZZ2045)
Article History
Received: 1 December 2025
Accepted: 7 January 2026
First Online: 27 January 2026
Declarations
:
: As data have been de-identified in the MIMIC-IV database, the ethical approval statement was waived.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.