Zhang, Ye
Chen, Xian
Gu, Ye
He, Xin
Zhang, Hui
Sun, Liang
Zhang, Yuwei
Liu, Bin
Wang, Xin
Ma, Yingmin
Article History
Received: 13 December 2025
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 20 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Mentougou District Hospital (Approval Number: 2025-QYYPJ-A01). Given the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the same Ethics Committee, and the entire process adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was registered with the National Medical Research Archive System (MR-11-25-033636) and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Number: ChiCTR2500097772; Date of Registration: February 25, 2025).
: Not applicable.
: The opinions stated in this article are exclusively those of the writers and may not necessarily reflect the views of their associated institutions or the publisher, editors, and reviewers.
: The authors declare no competing interests.