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Authors
Dong, Qinghua
Luo, Yiwei
Tang, Xiaoyu
Li, Minye
Chen, Dianjie
He, Zhengji
Xiao, Qun
Zhi, Chen
Zhu, Min
Ma, Hui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Capital Health Development Scientific Research Special Project (2024-1G-5011)
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Article History
Received: 13 November 2025
Accepted: 13 January 2026
First Online: 24 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study involved human participants and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. It has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Chinese PLA General Hospital (No. S2025-038-01) and IEC for Clinical Research and Animal Trials of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University ([2025] No. 245). Regarding informed consent, all patients participating in this study voluntarily signed a written informed consent form after fully understanding the purpose, content, potential risks and benefits of the study, explicitly agreeing to participate in this questionnaire survey.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
