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Article History

Received: 14 May 2025

Accepted: 15 January 2026

First Online: 31 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Eligible women provided written informed consent to participate in the study and store biological specimens for future research, as approved by the University of KwaZulu-Natal Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (BE 194/18) and in keeping with SA GCP guidelines and the declaration of Helsinki 2013.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests