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Article History

Received: 11 July 2025

Accepted: 16 January 2026

First Online: 29 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol received ethical approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee of Golestan University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.GOUMS.REC.1401.095). The research was carried out in full adherence to the ethical guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided informed consent before taking part in the study, with their privacy protected and the right to withdraw at any time respected.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.