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Article History

Received: 18 September 2024

Accepted: 19 January 2026

First Online: 24 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Fuyang People’s Hospital (Ethical approval number: 2021(No.141). This study is a retrospective study that conducted anonymous analysis of past cases. Signing patient informed consent forms can be exempted because data collection, analysis, and article writing are all behaviors that expose patient privacy information. Multiple previous articles have done so.

: Not applicable.

: Interpretation criteria (manufacturer’s guidelines): Cytokine concentrations were calculated by subtracting values from negative control wells. Results were defined as follows: negative (IFN-γ < 7 pg/mL and IL-2 < 20 pg/mL), double-positive (IFN-γ ≥ 7 pg/mL and IL-2 ≥ 20 pg/mL), or single-positive (IFN-γ ≥ 7 pg/mL or IL-2 ≥ 20 pg/mL).

: The authors declare no competing interests.