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Authors
Agulanna, Arodovwe Rita https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7293-211X
Maduafokwa, Blossom Adaeze https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7894-0196
Abdulraheem, Sunkanmi Kamaldeen https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7450-7356
Nwohiri, Ijeoma Celine
Anaenugwu, Ijeoma
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Article History
Received: 25 July 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee of Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) with reference number ADM/DSCST/HREC/APP/6553. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. For respondents aged 15–18 years, both parental/guardian consent and participant assent were duly obtained. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, which emphasizes respect for persons, beneficence, and justice in research involving human subjects. Confidentiality and privacy were strictly maintained throughout the research process.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
