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Authors
Khodadoust, Behnam
Sarvi, Fatemeh
Rimaz, Shahnaz
Khodadost, Mahmoud
Nasehi, Mahshid
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Article History
Received: 18 October 2024
Accepted: 28 January 2026
First Online: 9 February 2026
Declarations
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: The research methodology and procedures of this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study utilized aggregated, population-based national-level data registered by the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME). As the data were non-individual and fully anonymized at the aggregate level, the requirement for individual informed consent was waived by the Research Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences. The study protocol and ethical considerations were reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences (approval code: IR.IUMS.REC.1399.1449).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
