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Authors
Wang, Long
Fang, Xianglan
Shi, Liuliu
Wang, Peng
Chen, Wei
Yang, Jin
Ding, Yan
Cao, Zheng
Xie, Duoshuang
Meng, Kun
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 7 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Taihe Hospital (Ethics Approval No: 2025KS60) and conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was registered at the National Medical Research Registration and Filing Information System ( ) on 13 June 2025 (Registration ID: MR4225044248). As this study involved this analysis of fully anonymized data using clinical waste samples obtained during standard diagnostic procedures, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Taihe Hospital IRB. This waiver is in accordance with institutional policies and was granted to protect participant privacy.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
