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Article History

Received: 28 March 2025

Accepted: 5 February 2026

First Online: 11 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted after obtaining ethical approval from the Ethical Review Committee of Addis Continental Institute of Public Health and the Addis Ababa Public Health Research and Emergency Directorate ethical clearance number 8471/227 on January 15, 2023. Administrative clearance was secured from Zewditu Memorial Hospital authorities to access medical records and conduct the research. The TB/HIV unit was formally briefed about the study objectives prior to commencement. The researchers gained access to patients or patient data within the hospital setting after permission was obtained from the hospitals research and training directorate, the HIV/TB unit and the hospital administration. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants, and all research procedures strictly adhered to COVID-19 prevention protocols. The study methodology complied with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants newly diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia during the study were appropriately referred for further medical evaluation and management.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.