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Article History

Received: 19 May 2025

Accepted: 5 February 2026

First Online: 11 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The nature of this study did not involve direct participation of human subjects, as it relied on secondary data from existing patient records. However, ethical approval was obtained from Makerere University following the submission and review of the research proposal by the Graduate School. In addition, permission to access and use the data was sought and granted by the Ministry of Health, the Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) Directorate of Public Health and Environment, and the administration of Kisenyi Health Centre IV, in accordance with established research and ethics guidelines.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.