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Authors
Gao, Yuchen
Li, Jingxiao
Ma, Jiying
Yu, Zihui
Ren, Xiaohui
Chao, Siwei
Wang, Nan
Liu, Jie
Wang, Yu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Joint Science and Technology Program of Liaoning Province, China (2024011384-JH2/1026)
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Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 5 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted using de-identified public health surveillance data obtained from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC). This study complies with the ethical principles stipulated in the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association (WMA) and has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Shenyang Medical College, exempting it from ethical review.The data used in this study are de-identified and anonymized aggregated surveillance data.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
