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Authors
Ifeorah, Ijeoma
Bremer, Birgit
Musa, Yusuf
Kahlhöfer, Julia
Oguntoye, Oluwatosin
Tishiya, Carey
Aglavdawa, Gatuwa
Ameh, Ojonuga
Abdulkadir, Yussuf
Ariyo, Olumuyiwa
Anim, Manfred
Reinhardt, Andre
Heim, Albert
George, Uwem
Abdulkareem, Lukman
Garzali, Ibrahim Umar
Wedemeyer, Heiner
Sandmann, Lisa
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)
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Article History
Received: 14 November 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 26 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review boards (IRBs) of each participating hospital before patient recruitment (UATH/HREC/PR/2021/001/06, FMCNHREC.REG.N003/082012, AKTH/MAC/12A/P-3/V1/3170, ERC/2022/08–12/833A, NHREC/25/10/2013). Informed consent for study participation was obtained from all participants. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
