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Authors
Abdulgader, Shatha Ata
Aziz, Ibrahim M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6970-5207
Abdulwahed, Abdulhadi M.
Farrag, Mohamed A.
Aljowaie, Reem M.
Almuqrin, Abdulaziz M.
Alkubaisi, Noorah A.
Almajhdi, Fahad N.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
King Saud University (ORF-2026-418)
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Article History
Received: 13 December 2025
Accepted: 17 February 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Research Ethics Committee at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Institutional Review Board Nos. E-24-9609 and E-25-9609, approved in December 2023 and May 2025, respectively).
: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
