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Authors
Deng, Ziwei
Fu, Wei
Chen, Feng
Jin, Yuanxiang
Shu, Qingxia
Zhao, Xiang
Luo, Jinque
Jiang, Yueping
Qiu, Chengfeng
Tan, Liming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2023JJ50447)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2025JJ70490)
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2025JJ70453)
Huaihua Philosophy and Social Sciences Achievements Assessment Committee (HSP2025090)
the Health Commission Program of Hunan Province (D202313018595)
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2025
Accepted: 19 February 2026
First Online: 2 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital (Ethics approval number: KY-2026010902). Given that this study used only retrospective, fully anonymized medical data and posed no risk to the participants, the requirement for obtaining individual written informed consent was waived by the Medical Ethics Committee of Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital. All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant ethical guidelines.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
