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Authors
Liu, Danlei
Yu, Shiwei
Tian, Xiangting
Wang, Zhiyi
Lu, Ye
Dai, Yue
Hu, Chunli
Ma, Xinyi
Mao, Mao
Xue, Liming
Yi, Zaijiong
Zhang, Guannan
Li, Shenwei
Wang, Qiang
Zhang, Zilong
Tian, Zhengan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
General Administration of Customs Project (2024HK149)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2302800)
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Article History
Received: 26 November 2025
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 4 March 2026
Declarations
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: This outbreak investigation was conducted as part of public health surveillance and response activities under the authority of the Shanghai Customs District and the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission. The need for individual ethics approval was waived by the Institutional Review Board of the Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all adult participants and from parents or legal guardians for minors prior to the collection of anal swab samples and epidemiological data. All procedures were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
